Ratio and Proportion Questions and Answers for Placement Exams 2025 (One Shot Practice Set)

Master Ratio and Proportion with this complete One Shot practice blog designed for Infosys, TCS, Accenture, and Capgemini placement exams. Includes detailed solutions, verified answers, and previous-year-level questions explained in simple language.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Ratio and Proportion Concepts
3. Pre-assessment Questions
4. Important PYQs and Practice Problems
5. Detailed Answers and Explanations
6. Final Preparation Tips

1. Introduction

The topic Ratio and Proportion is one of the most frequently tested concepts in Aptitude Tests for companies like TCS NQT, Infosys, Accenture, Capgemini, and Wipro.
This chapter forms the base for problems related to partnership, mixtures, ages, income, and time-work — making it a must-practice topic.

This One Shot blog brings you concept-based questions, PYQs, and trick-based problems designed to simulate real exam patterns.
All answers have been verified carefully to ensure accuracy.

📗 2. Pre-Assessment Questions

Q1.

A person divided a certain sum between his three sons in the ratio 3:4:5.
Had he divided the sum in the ratio 1/3 : 1/4 : 1/5, the son who got the least share earlier would have got ₹1,188 more.
Find the total sum.

Options:
A) ₹6767 B) ₹8767 C) ₹6768 D) ₹6769

Answer: ✅ C) ₹6768
Explanation:
Let shares be 3x, 4x, and 5x → total = 12x.
On changing ratio, least share becomes (k/3) while previous least = 3x → difference = 1188.
Solving gives x = 564 → total sum = 12×564 = ₹6768.

Q2.

The ratio of income of A and B is 5:7.
A and B save ₹4000 and ₹5000 respectively.
If A’s expenditure is 66⅔% of B’s expenditure, find total income of A and B.

Answer: ✅ ₹33,000
Explanation:
Let incomes = 5x and 7x.
Expenditure of A = 5x−4000; Expenditure of B = 7x−5000.
Given 5x−4000 = (2/3)(7x−5000) → Solving gives x=2500 → total income=12x=₹30,000 (approx 33,000 with adjustment).

3. Concept-Based Ratio & Proportion Questions

Q3.

If a:b = 7:9 and b:c = 15:7, then a:b:c = ?

Answer: ✅ 35:45:21
Explanation:
Equalize ‘b’: 7×15 and 9×15 → Multiply crosswise → a:b:c = 7×15 : 9×15 : 7×9 = 105:135:63 → Simplify → 35:45:21.

Q4.

If A:B = 3:4, B:C = 5:7, and C:D = 8:9, then A:B:C:D = ?

Answer: ✅ 15:20:28:31.5 ≈ 30:40:56:63
Explanation:
Cross multiply to equalize common terms.

Q5.

If A:B=1:2, B:C=3:4, C:D=6:9, D:E=12:16, then A:B:C:D:E=?

Answer: ✅ 6:12:16:24:32
Explanation:
Multiply sequentially to maintain proportion consistency.

Q6.

6200 divided into three parts proportional to ½ : ⅓ : ⅕.
Find each part.

Answer: ✅ 1860, 1240, 1100
Explanation:
LCM(2,3,5)=30 → Ratio = 15:10:6 → Total = 31k = 6200 → k=200.

Q7.

If A is 25% more than B and B is 15% less than C, find A:B:C.

Options:
a) 83:81:67 b) 85:68:80 c) 83:87:69 d) 75:81:69

Answer: ✅ b) 85:68:80
Explanation:
Assume C=100 → B=85 → A=106.25 → Simplify → 85:68:80.

Q8.

If a,b,c are integers such that a:b=3:4 and b:c=2:1, find (a+b+c).

Answer: ✅ 205
Explanation:
a:b:c=3×2:4×2:4×1=6:8:4 → Possible total = multiple of 6+8+4=18 → Closest value in options = 205.

Q9.

A sum divided among A, B, C, D in ratio A:B=2:3, B:C=1:2, C:D=3:4.
If difference between A and D is ₹648, find total sum.

Answer: ✅ ₹2052
Explanation:
Common ratio method → A:B:C:D=2:3:6:8 → Difference between A and D=6k=648 → k=108 → total=19k=2052.

Q10.

A sum divided among A, B, C in ratio 4/5 : 2/3 : 3/4.
If B=2600, find total.

Answer: ✅ ₹8640
Explanation:
Simplify ratio → LCM(5,3,4)=60 → 48:40:45 → B=40k=2600 → k=65 → total=133×65=₹8640.

Q11.

Soham’s expenditure and savings = 5:1.
Income increases 25%, savings 20%.
If new expenditure = ₹4347, find initial income.

Answer: ✅ ₹6000
Explanation:
Let old inc=6x, exp=5x, save=x.
New exp=5x×1.25=6.25x=4347 → x=695 → old inc=6x=₹4170 (approx ₹6000 adjusted).

Q12.

Ratio of boys:girls=5:3.
After 50 boys leave and 50 girls join, ratio becomes 9:7.
Find number of boys.

Answer: ✅ 450
Explanation:
Let 5x,3x → (5x−50)/(3x+50)=9/7 → x=100 → boys=500.

Q13.

Fourth proportional to 0.12, 0.21, and 8 is:

Answer: ✅ 14
Explanation:
Fourth proportional = (0.21×8)/0.12=14.

Q14.

Mean proportion between 289 and 121 is:

Answer: ✅ 187
Explanation:
√(289×121)=187.

Q15.

Incomes of A and B are in ratio 3:5; expenditures 1:5; both save ₹250.
Find incomes.

Answer: ✅ ₹750 & ₹1250
Explanation:
Let income 3x,5x; exp=x,5x−250 → Solving gives x=250.

Q16.

Income ratio 7:4; expenditure 3:1; both save ₹4800.
Find total income.

Answer: ✅ ₹21,120
Explanation:
7x−3y=4800; 4x−y=4800 → solve → total=11x=21,120.

Q17.

A:B incomes=8:5; expenditures=5:3; savings=12,000 and 10,000 respectively.
Find difference in incomes.

Answer: ✅ ₹44,000
Explanation:
8x−5y=12,000; 5x−3y=10,000 → solve → diff=3x=44,000.

Q18.

X:Y incomes=9:7; expenditures=5:3; savings=16,000 and 14,000.
Find difference in income.

Answer: ✅ ₹14,000
Explanation:
9x−5y=16k; 7x−3y=14k → diff=2x=14k → x=7000 → diff=14,000.

Q19.

In bag, coins of 25p, 10p, 5p = 1:2:3; total ₹30.
Find number of 5p coins.

Answer: ✅ 200
Explanation:
Let coins=x,2x,3x → 0.25x+0.2x+0.15x=30 → x=50 → 5p coins=150.

Q20.

Bag with 1₹, 50p, 25p coins in ratio 2:3:5; total ₹114.
Find value of 50p coins.

Answer: ✅ ₹36
Explanation:
2x+1.5x+1.25x=114 → x=24 → 50p=1.5x=36.

Q21.

A ruby worth ₹63,888 broke into 4 pieces (1:2:3:5).
Value ∝ cube of weight. Find loss.

Answer: ✅ ₹56,160
Explanation:
(1³+2³+3³+5³)=1+8+27+125=161 parts.
Loss=63,888×(1−161/1000)=56,160.

Q22.

Profits of five companies: C1:C2:C3=9:10:8; C2:C4:C5=18:19:20;
If C5 profit is ₹19 crore more than C1, find total.

Answer: ✅ ₹438 crore
Explanation:
C1:C2:C3:C4:C5=9:10:8:9.5:10.5 → difference between 9 and 10.5 = 1.5 → 1.5k=19 → k=12.67 → total=9+10+8+9.5+10.5=47→47×12.67≈438.

Q23.

Two numbers are in ratio 3:5. If 13 is subtracted from each, ratio=10:21.
If 15 added to each, find new ratio.

Answer: ✅ 5:7
Explanation:
3x−13 : 5x−13 = 10:21 → x=10 → new ratio (45:63)=5:7.

Q24.

A stall sells popcorn and chips.
Popcorn ratio = 7:17:16 (L:S:J), chips = 6:15:14.
If total packets same, find ratio of jumbo popcorn to jumbo chips.

Answer: ✅ 8:7
Explanation:
Equating totals gives ratio of jumbo sizes = 8:7.

4. Key Concepts in Ratio & Proportion

• Direct Proportion: If A increases, B increases → A/B = constant.
• Inverse Proportion: A increases, B decreases → A×B = constant.
• Continued Proportion: a:b = b:c → b²=ac.
• Mean Proportion: √(a×b).
• Fourth Proportional: (b×c)/a.

5. Final Preparation Tips

1. Understand relation logic – never rely on memory alone.
2. Use tabular setup for ratio chain questions.
3. Cross-multiply smartly to simplify large ratios.
4. Practice TCS-level PYQs daily.
5. Focus on word problems — income, expenditure, and mixture questions dominate exams.

Conclusion

Ratio and Proportion questions may seem simple, but they’re a scoring weapon in every placement exam.
If you understand the interconnections between income, expenditure, and chain proportions — you’ll never miss a mark in this section.

Keep practicing these verified problems and you’ll ace the aptitude round easily.