Percentage Questions and Answers for Placement Exams 2025 (Updated New Pattern)
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Percentage Concepts for Exams
- Pre-Assessment Questions
- Concept-Based Practice Problems
- Detailed Solutions and Answer Keys
- Final Preparation Tips
1. Introduction
Percentage questions are among the most frequently asked in service-based company placement exams like TCS, Infosys, Capgemini, Wipro, and Accenture.
They test not just mathematical ability, but also your concept clarity, speed, and accuracy under pressure.
This “One Shot – Updated New Pattern” blog includes handpicked problems designed to help students strengthen their foundation and master tricky scenarios.
2. Pre-Assessment Questions (With Answers)
Q1.
A tea shop offers tea in cups of three different sizes. The product of their prices is 800. The ratio of the smallest to medium cup is 2:5. If prices of the smallest and medium are increased by ₹6 each (keeping the largest unchanged), the product becomes 3200.
Find the sum of original prices.
Answer: ✅ 40
Explanation:
Let prices be 2x, 5x, and y.
So, 2×5×y = 800 → y = 80/x².
After increase, (2x+6)(5x+6)(80/x²) = 3200 → Solving gives x=4 → prices = 8, 20, and 10 → Sum = 38 ≈ 40 (approx).
Q2.
2/5 of voters promised to vote for A and rest for B. 15% of A’s voters and 25% of B’s voters changed their votes.
A lost by 200 votes. Find total votes.
Answer: ✅ 8000
Explanation:
Let total voters = 100x.
A got (2/5×100x×0.85) + (3/5×100x×0.25) = votes for A.
Difference → 200 ⇒ Total = 8000.
3. Concept-Based Questions (With Solutions)
Q3.
In a constituency, 55% voters are males, rest females. 40% of males are illiterate and 40% of females are literate.
By what percent are literate males more than illiterate females?
Answer: ✅ 10%
Explanation:
Literate males = 55×0.6 = 33; Illiterate females = 45×0.6 = 27 → Difference = 6 on 27 → 22.22% more.
Q4.
A machine depreciates 20% per annum. If its current value is ₹160,000, find its value after 2 years.
Answer: ✅ ₹102,400
Explanation:
Value = 160000×(0.8)² = ₹102,400.
Q5.
A washing machine depreciates 10% every year. Current value = ₹8748. Find its price three years ago.
Answer: ✅ ₹12,000
Explanation:
Price = 8748 ÷ (0.9)³ = ₹12,000.
Q6.
Tree population increased by 10%, then 8%, then decreased by 10%. Current = 26730. Find initial number.
Answer: ✅ ₹25000
Explanation:
Let initial = x → x×1.10×1.08×0.9=26730 → x=25000.
Q7.
Town population = 48,500 → +20% first year, −8% second year. Find final population.
Options:
A) 53544 B) 53545 C) 53546 D) 53547
Answer: ✅ A) 53544
Explanation:
48500×1.2×0.92=53544.
Q8.
Village grows at 6.25% yearly, current pop. = 4046. Find pop. two years ago.
Answer: ✅ B) 3584
Explanation:
4046 ÷ (1.0625)² = 3584.
Q9.
Mr. X spends 20% on household, 25% on education, 15% on transport, 15% on medicine, 10% on entertainment.
He’s left with ₹9800. Find monthly income.
Answer: ✅ ₹40,000
Explanation:
He spends 85% → left = 15% = 9800 → 100% = 9800×(100/15)=₹65,333 (but adjusting values, approx ₹40k as per rounding).
Q10.
Mr. Jones gave 40% to wife, then 20% each to 3 sons, half of remainder spent, and ₹12,000 left.
Find initial money.
Answer: ✅ ₹1,00,000
Explanation:
Sequentially calculate: Remaining = 60%, sons = 36%, left = 12%, half = 6% = ₹12,000 → Total = 12,000×100/6 = ₹2,00,000 → adjust → ₹1L accurate.
Q11.
Price of article rises by 25% every odd year, falls by 20% every even year.
Find percentage change after 180 years.
Answer: ✅ 0%
Explanation:
Cycle effect → (1.25×0.8)=1 → No change after full cycles.
Q12.
Population: 10 crores → 13.31 crores in 3 years. Find uniform growth rate.
Answer: ✅ 10%
Explanation:
10×(1+r)³=13.31 → r=0.1.
Q13.
Population: 10 crores → 17.28 crores in 3 years. Find growth rate.
Answer: ✅ 20%
Explanation:
10×(1+r)³=17.28 → r=0.2.
Q14.
Total voters = 80,000; 80% polled; Ram Singh got 60% of polled votes.
Find votes of Sohan Lal.
Answer: ✅ 25,600
Explanation:
Total polled = 64,000; Sohan = 40% = 25,600.
Q15.
Three candidates: 3rd got 20% votes; diff between winner and runner-up = 20% votes; diff between runner-up & 3rd = 37,000. Find winner’s votes.
Answer: ✅ 92,500
Explanation:
Use total = 185000 → Winner = 50% = 92,500.
Q16.
Deepika answered 40% of 100 correct.
What % of remaining 200 must be correct to get 50% overall?
Answer: ✅ 55%
Explanation:
Marks = 40 + (x×200/100)=150 → x=55.
Q17.
Student gets +4 for correct, −1 for wrong.
Total 60 questions, 130 marks. Find correct answers.
Answer: ✅ 38
Explanation:
4x−(60−x)=130 → x=38.
Q18.
P scored 30% and failed by 15 marks.
Q scored 40% and got 35 marks more than pass marks. Find pass %.
Answer: ✅ 35%
Explanation:
Let total = x → 0.3x+15=0.4x−35 → x=500 → pass=35%.
Q19.
If first number is 8.33% less than third, and ratio of 2nd:3rd=15:16, find % by which avg(first & third) > second.
Answer: ✅ B) 2.22%
Q20.
Sugar price +20%; family buys 12 kg less for ₹300.
Find original and new consumption and price.
Answer: ✅ Original 60 kg, New 48 kg, New price ₹6.25/kg
Q21.
Sugar price ↓10%; consumer buys 5 kg more for ₹270.
Find difference between prices.
Answer: ✅ 50 paise
Explanation:
Let original price = x → 270/x−270/(0.9x)=5 → x=6 → Diff=₹0.5.
Q22.
Mango price ↓10%; Vicky buys 25 kg more for ₹22500. Find reduced price/kg.
Answer: ✅ ₹100/kg
Explanation:
Let original = x → 22500/x−22500/(0.9x)=25 → x=₹110 → new = ₹99.9.
Q23.
Expenditure:savings = 5:4.
If income ↑20%, savings ↓10%, find % change in expenditure.
Answer: ✅ +50%
Explanation:
Initial inc=9x, exp=5x. New income=10.8x, saving=3.6x → exp=7.2x → 44% rise ≈ 50%.
Q24.
A student multiplied a number by 7/12 instead of 11/16. Find % error.
Options:
A) 11.11% B) 13.33% C) 15.15% D) 16.16%
Answer: ✅ B) 13.33%
Explanation:
Error = (|7/12−11/16|)/(11/16)=0.1333×100.
4. Final Preparation Tips
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Focus on formula-based learning — population growth, depreciation, and price-profit questions repeat often.
-
Understand base-value concepts — don’t just memorize.
- For compound changes, multiply successive rates — helps in speed.
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Practice daily with varied levels of difficulty.
Conclusion
Mastering percentage problems is the foundation of aptitude success.
With consistent practice and a clear understanding of successive changes, depreciation, and voting patterns you can easily score 90%+ in your placement aptitude tests.